[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.juli.sk\/viete-kto-je-autorom-gulockoveho-pera-a-ako-vlastne-vzniklo\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.juli.sk\/viete-kto-je-autorom-gulockoveho-pera-a-ako-vlastne-vzniklo\/","headline":"Viete, kto je autorom gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00e9ho pera a ako vlastne vzniklo?","name":"Viete, kto je autorom gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00e9ho pera a ako vlastne vzniklo?","description":"V \u0161kol\u00e1ch, na pracovisk\u00e1ch, ale aj doma ho berieme do r\u00fak takmer ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 a stalo sa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou be\u017en\u00e9ho \u017eivota: gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00e9 pero. V behu ka\u017edodenn\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed si v\u0161ak ani neuvedomujeme, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve v\u010faka nemu je pre n\u00e1s p\u00edsanie jednoduch\u0161ie a zaberie menej \u010dasu hlavne t\u00fdm, \u017ee nepotrebujeme zh\u00e1\u0148a\u0165 bombi\u010dky s atramentom alebo kalam\u00e1r. Za tento […]","datePublished":"2019-11-27","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.juli.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.juli.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/232437c79d6ebbb41eb67b1526ce0bc08ee5047d6b1594dc05abcc3258d8e0b3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/232437c79d6ebbb41eb67b1526ce0bc08ee5047d6b1594dc05abcc3258d8e0b3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"juli.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.juli.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308367_w16731_t1574698872.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.juli.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308367_w16731_t1574698872.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.juli.sk\/viete-kto-je-autorom-gulockoveho-pera-a-ako-vlastne-vzniklo\/","about":["Technika"],"wordCount":426,"articleBody":"V \u0161kol\u00e1ch, na pracovisk\u00e1ch, ale aj doma ho berieme do r\u00fak takmer ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 a stalo sa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou be\u017en\u00e9ho \u017eivota: gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00e9 pero. V behu ka\u017edodenn\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed si v\u0161ak ani neuvedomujeme, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve v\u010faka nemu je pre n\u00e1s p\u00edsanie jednoduch\u0161ie a zaberie menej \u010dasu hlavne t\u00fdm, \u017ee nepotrebujeme zh\u00e1\u0148a\u0165 bombi\u010dky s atramentom alebo kalam\u00e1r. Za tento vyn\u00e1lez v\u010fa\u010d\u00edme ma\u010farsk\u00e9mu vyn\u00e1lezcovi L\u00e1szl\u00f3vi Bir\u00f3vi.Spolu s bratom sa im to podarilo L\u00e1szl\u00f3 sa narodil 29.septembra 1899 \u017eidovsk\u00fdm rodi\u010dom. Po skon\u010den\u00ed \u0161t\u00fadi\u00ed sa za\u010dal venova\u0165 \u017eurnalistike a pr\u00e1ve v\u010faka nej sa stal vyn\u00e1lezcom. Mal mo\u017enos\u0165 vidie\u0165 ako sa tla\u010dia noviny a popritom si v\u0161imol aj atrament, ktor\u00fd sa na tla\u010d pou\u017e\u00edval. Zistil, \u017ee r\u00fdchlo zasych\u00e1, nerozmaz\u00e1va sa a papier po \u0148om nezost\u00e1va mokr\u00fd. Urobil pokus s plniacim perom, naplnil ho t\u00fdmto atramentom, len\u017ee jeho viskozita mu zabr\u00e1nila, aby sa dostal a\u017e k hrotu pera. Tak\u017ee prv\u00fd pokus dopadol ne\u00faspe\u0161ne. Vyn\u00e1lezca teda vym\u00fd\u0161\u013eal \u010falej a podarilo sa mu vytvori\u0165 nov\u00fd typ gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00e9ho pera. Predstavil ho na Medzin\u00e1rodnom festivale v Budape\u0161ti (predchodca dne\u0161nej v\u00fdstavy EXPO) v roku 1931 spolo\u010dne s bratom Gy\u00f6rgym. Ten bol chemik a spolu sa im podarilo vyvin\u00fa\u0165 \u00faplne nov\u00fd typ hrotu, ktor\u00fd fungoval na princ\u00edpe ot\u00e1\u010daj\u00facej sa gu\u013eky v obale, pri\u010dom jej tento pohyb umo\u017e\u0148oval pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 atrament na papier. Po siedmych rokoch si tento vyn\u00e1lez nechal patentova\u0165.Pred\u00e1va sa dodnes Bratia po\u010das druhej svetovej vojny emigrovali do Argent\u00edny a tam 17.j\u00fana 1943 po\u017eiadali o zaregistrovanie tohto patentu. Vznikla spolo\u010dnos\u0165 Biro Pens a dodnes je v Argent\u00edne toto pero zn\u00e1me pod n\u00e1zvom \u201ebirome“. Patent nesk\u00f4r odk\u00fapil Marcel Bich a jeho firma BIC dodnes predala asi 100 mili\u00e1rd t\u00fdchto pier. Netrvalo dlho a patent sa sna\u017eil ob\u00eds\u0165 ist\u00fd Milton Reynolds, ktor\u00fd zostrojil \u201egravita\u010dn\u00e9“ pero zalo\u017een\u00e9 na inom princ\u00edpe, ale jeho \u00faspech bol iba do\u010dasn\u00fd, preto\u017ee z\u00e1kazn\u00edci neboli spokojn\u00ed s t\u00fdm, \u017ee zanech\u00e1va f\u013eaky a vr\u00e1tili sa nasp\u00e4\u0165 ku gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00e9mu. Vern\u00ed s\u00fa mu dodnes. Jeho autor zomrel 24. okt\u00f3bra 1985 v Buenos Aires a tento de\u0148 je v Argent\u00edne zn\u00e1my ako De\u0148 vyn\u00e1lezcov.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.5\/5 - (10 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Viete, kto je autorom gu\u013e\u00f4\u010dkov\u00e9ho pera a ako vlastne vzniklo?","item":"https:\/\/www.juli.sk\/viete-kto-je-autorom-gulockoveho-pera-a-ako-vlastne-vzniklo\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]